壓力容器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本組成(cheng)：壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)通(tong)常是由(you)板、殼(ke)組合而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)焊(han)接(jie)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)。受壓(ya)(ya)(ya)元件(jian)中,圓(yuan)柱形(xing)(xing)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)、球(qiu)(qiu)罐 (或(huo)球(qiu)(qiu) 形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭)、橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭、碟(die)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭、球(qiu)(qiu)冠形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭、錐形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭和(he)膨脹節(jie)(jie)所(suo)(suo)對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)殼(ke)分別是圓(yuan)柱 殼(ke)、球(qiu)(qiu)殼(ke)、橢球(qiu)(qiu)殼(ke)、球(qiu)(qiu)冠+環(huan)殼(ke)、球(qiu)(qiu)冠、錐殼(ke)和(he)環(huan)形(xing)(xing)板+環(huan)殼(ke)。而(er)平(ping)(ping)(ping)蓋 (或(huo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭)、環(huan)形(xing)(xing) 板、法蘭、管(guan)(guan)板等受壓(ya)(ya)(ya)元件(jian)分別對應于(yu)圓(yuan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板、環(huan)形(xing)(xing)板 (外(wai)半(ban)徑(jing)與內半(ban)徑(jing)之(zhi)差大于(yu)10倍的(de)(de)(de)(de) 板厚)、環(huan) (外(wai)半(ban)徑(jing)與內半(ban)徑(jing)之(zhi)差小于(yu)10倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)板厚)以及彈性基(ji)礎(chu)圓(yuan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板。上(shang)(shang)述7種(zhong)殼(ke)和(he)4 種(zhong)板可(ke)以組合成(cheng)各種(zhong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)形(xing)(xing)式(shi),再加上(shang)(shang)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)元件(jian)、支座、安全附件(jian)等就(jiu)(jiu)構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)了一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)。若容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)徑(jing)不(bu)是很大,一(yi)(yi)般只有一(yi)(yi)條縱焊(han)縫(feng);隨著容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi) 直(zhi)徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增大,由(you)于(yu)鋼(gang)(gang)板幅面尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)限(xian)制,可(ke)能有兩條或(huo)兩條以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)縱焊(han)縫(feng)。另外(wai),長(chang)度較(jiao)短(duan) 的(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)可(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)在一(yi)(yi)個(ge)圓(yuan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩端連接(jie)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭,構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)封(feng)(feng)(feng)閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力空(kong)間(jian),也就(jiu)(jiu)制成(cheng)了一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力 容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)外(wai)殼(ke)。但當容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)較(jiao)長(chang)時,由(you)于(yu)鋼(gang)(gang)板幅面尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)限(xian)制,就(jiu)(jiu)需要先用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)板卷(juan)焊(han)成(cheng)若干段筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti) (某(mou)一(yi)(yi)段筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)稱(cheng)為一(yi)(yi)個(ge)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)節(jie)(jie)),再由(you)兩個(ge)或(huo)兩個(ge)以上(shang)(shang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)節(jie)(jie)組焊(han)成(cheng)所(suo)(suo)需長(chang)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)。筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)節(jie)(jie)與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)節(jie)(jie) 之(zhi)間(jian)、筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)與端部封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連接(jie)焊(han)縫(feng),由(you)于(yu)其方向(xiang)(xiang)與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)軸向(xiang)(xiang)垂直(zhi),因此稱(cheng)為環(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)焊(han)縫(feng), 簡稱(cheng)環(huan)焊(han)縫(feng)。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐用(yong)(yong)(yong)以存(cun)放酸堿、醇、氣(qi)體(ti)、液態(tai)等提(ti)煉(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)化學(xue)物質(zhi)。儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐廣泛在華北(bei)地區，根據材質(zhi)不(bu)同大體(ti)上(shang)(shang)有：聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐、聚(ju)丙烯(xi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐、玻璃(li)鋼(gang)(gang)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐、陶瓷(ci)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐、橡膠儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐等。就(jiu)(jiu)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐的(de)(de)(de)(de)性價比來講，現在以鋼(gang)(gang)襯聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐*為優(you)越，其具有優(you)異的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐腐蝕性能、強(qiang)度高(gao)、壽命長(chang)等，外(wai)觀可(ke)以制造(zao)成(cheng)立(li)式(shi)、臥式(shi)、運輸、攪(jiao)拌等多(duo)個(ge)品種(zhong) 。用(yong)(yong)(yong)途：儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)罐是長(chang)輸油(you)(you)氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)輸送介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)存(cun)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)。輸油(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)首站的(de)(de)(de)(de)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)罐用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)收(shou)集、儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)存(cun)石油(you)(you)和(he)保證(zheng)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)輸油(you)(you)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)，末(mo)站的(de)(de)(de)(de)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)罐用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)接(jie)收(shou)和(he)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)備來油(you)(you)，并提(ti)供給用(yong)(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)單位。輸氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)末(mo)端門(men)站的(de)(de)(de)(de)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)氣(qi)罐主要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)城市燃氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)調峰，正逐漸(jian)被地下儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)氣(qi)庫和(he)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)氣(qi)所(suo)(suo)代替。